Epidemiological Analysis of Acquired Syphilis in the state of Maranhão, from 2019 to 2023

Abstract

Syphilis is a curable Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI), exclusive to humans and caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum (Gaspar et al., 2021). This study aims to analyze the epidemiology of acquired syphilis in Maranhão between 2019 and 2023, evaluating the variations in incidence and the impact of public health interventions to improve prevention and control strategies. This is a quantitative epidemiological study that analyzed secondary data on acquired syphilis in Maranhão from 2019 to 2023, obtained from DATASUS and SINAN. Variables such as age group, sex, and color/race were considered. The analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel 2019, and the results were presented in tables and graphs. The analysis of syphilis cases in Maranhão between 2019 and 2023 shows significant variations, reflecting the impact of public health interventions and the pandemic. The higher concentration of cases in the Northern Macroregion and the lower in the Southern Macroregion indicates the need for regionally adapted policies. The high prevalence among adults, especially those of mixed race and men, suggests the importance of strengthening prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies, focusing on early detection and education about safe practices.