Palavras-chave
prevenção de câncer
tratamento de câncer
qualidade de vida
sobrevivência ao câncer
Como Citar
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO A introdução destaca a compreensão em evolução sobre o papel da atividade física na oncologia, contrastando as recomendações passadas de repouso com as evidências atuais que apoiam o exercício como benéfico para pacientes com câncer. Ressalta estudos epidemiológicos que mostram a relação entre os níveis de atividade física e a redução da incidência de câncer, com mecanismos como regulação hormonal, fortalecimento do sistema imunológico e redução da inflamação sendo fatores-chave. A introdução também enfatiza os benefícios da atividade física durante o tratamento do câncer, incluindo a melhora da função física, do bem-estar psicológico e potenciais benefícios para a sobrevivência. OBJETIVO
Avaliar o impacto da atividade física na prevenção do câncer, nos resultados do tratamento, nas taxas de sobrevivência e na qualidade de vida de pacientes e sobreviventes de câncer. MÉTODOS Esta é uma revisão narrativa que incluiu estudos nas bases de dados MEDLINE – PubMed (National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health), COCHRANE, EMBASE e Google Scholar, utilizando como descritores: "Atividade Física em Oncologia" E "Prevenção de Câncer" E "Tratamento do Câncer" E "Qualidade de Vida" E "Fadiga Relacionada ao Câncer" nos últimos anos. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO A seção de resultados e discussão detalha as extensas evidências que sustentam o papel da atividade física na prevenção do câncer, observando reduções significativas no risco de desenvolver vários tipos de câncer. Explora os mecanismos biológicos, como mudanças hormonais e o fortalecimento da função imunológica, que fundamentam esses benefícios. A discussão também aborda o impacto do exercício nos resultados do tratamento do câncer, destacando a melhora da condição física, a redução dos efeitos colaterais do tratamento e a maior eficácia do tratamento. A importância de recomendações personalizadas de exercícios, a superação de barreiras à atividade física e o papel dos avanços tecnológicos na promoção da adesão ao exercício também são abordados. CONCLUSÃO A conclusão reforça as evidências robustas que apoiam os benefícios multifacetados da atividade física para pacientes com câncer, incluindo a redução do risco de câncer, melhora nos resultados do tratamento, aumento das taxas de sobrevivência e melhor qualidade de vida. Ressalta a necessidade de programas de exercícios personalizados e de suporte profissional para superar as barreiras à atividade física. A conclusão também faz um apelo para a continuidade da pesquisa e do desenvolvimento de diretrizes baseadas em evidências para integrar ainda mais a atividade física ao cuidado oncológico abrangente, garantindo que os pacientes recebam todos os benefícios do exercício regular ao longo de sua jornada contra o câncer. Palavras-chave: Atividade Física; Prevenção de Câncer; Tratamento do Câncer; Qualidade de Vida; Sobrevivência ao Câncer.
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